FRAUD THROUGH BANK CARDS: CRIMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF UZBEKISTAN)

Authors

  • Avazbek Sayfiddinov Tashkent State University of Law, Research Center

Keywords:

bank card, fraud, cyber fraud, criminological analysis, social engineering, fishing, OTP code, anti-fraud system, electronic payments, digital evidence, bank security, crime prevention

Abstract

This article analyzes the criminological characteristics of fraud committed through bank cards, the mechanism of its commission, the peculiarities of the perpetrator and the victim, as well as the legal and organizational mechanisms for preventing such crimes. The study examines the legal and criminal basis for fraud through bank cards in Uzbekistan, including Article 168 of the Criminal Code, the Law on Payments and Payment Systems, and regulations in the field of cybersecurity. The main methods of fraud related to bank cards are considered, including fishing, social engineering, interception of SMS codes, malicious applications, online commerce, and online credit formalization in the name of the victim.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Avazbek Sayfiddinov, Tashkent State University of Law, Research Center
    Avazbek Sayfiddinov is a researcher at Tashkent State University of Law.

References

O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Jinoyat kodeksi. 168-modda - Firibgarlik.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasining 2019-yil 1-noyabrdagi O‘RQ-578-son “To‘lovlar va to‘lov tizimlari to‘g‘risida”gi Qonuni.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasining 2022-yil 15-apreldagi O‘RQ-764-son “Kiberxavfsizlik to‘g‘risida”gi Qonuni.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Ichki ishlar vazirligi. Kiberxavfsizlik markazi ma’lumotlari va kiberjinoyatchilik statistikasi, 2019–2024-yillar.

O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti rasmiy veb-sayti. “Uyushgan jinoyatchilik va kiberjinoyatlarga qarshi kurashish takomillashtiriladi”. 12.03.2026.

Directive (EU) 2015/2366 of the European Parliament and of the Council on payment services in the internal market (PSD2).

European Banking Authority, European Central Bank. Joint EBA-ECB Report on Payment Fraud. 2025.

Payment Systems Regulator. Annual Report and Accounts 2024/25. United Kingdom.

Council of Europe. Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention), ETS No. 185.

Council of Europe. Second Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime on enhanced cooperation and disclosure of electronic evidence, CETS No. 224. 2022.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Materials on cybercrime, electronic evidence and international cooperation.

Downloads

Published

2026-06-15